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[refactor] 整理注释

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This commit is contained in:
pyao12
2026-06-06 10:31:20 +08:00
Unverified
parent a9ba4457c6
commit 30d48d2881
19 changed files with 177 additions and 192 deletions
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fonts/pixel_font.cpp
+2 -8
View File
@@ -8,13 +8,7 @@ void pf_print_char(char c, SUINT32 basex, SUINT32 basey, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT
for (SUINT32 y = 0; y < 16; y++) {
SUINT8 data = hankaku_pixels[c][y];
for (SSINT32 x = 7; x >= 0; x--) {
// 解码Hankaku字体
/*
既然都在这了，就讲一下Hankaku字体是如何解码的
比如一个
{0x00, 0x82, 0x82, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x28, 0x28, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00}
每一个Hex代表一行，比如0x82就是一行，转换成Bin得到10000010，1代表有像素，0代表没像素
*/
// Hankaku 字体解码：每个字节代表一行，低位在右
SUINT32 current = data & 1;
data >>= 1;
if (current)
@@ -26,6 +20,6 @@ void pf_print_char(char c, SUINT32 basex, SUINT32 basey, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT
void pf_print(const char* text, SUINT32 basex, SUINT32 basey, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color) {
for (SUINT32 i = 0; i < str_len(text); i++) {
char c = text[i];
pf_print_char(c, basex + i * 8, basey, color); // 只要 字数 * 8 + basex 不爆hr就没事
pf_print_char(c, basex + i * 8, basey, color);
}
}
fonts/ttf/ttf.cpp
+3 -5
View File
@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@
#include <memory/heap.h>
#include <serial.h>
// Per-glyph scratch — kept static to avoid stack pressure for big Chinese glyphs
// 逐字形临时缓冲区 — 静态分配以避免大中文字形的栈压力
static ttf_outline_t s_outline;
static ttf_seg_t s_segs[4096];
static SUINT8 s_coverage[256 * 256];
// Render one glyph bitmap at screen (px, py) where py is the glyph TOP
// (already converted from baseline). (px, py) may be negative — caller
// must have clipped into the visible region.
// 在屏幕 (px, py) 处渲染单个字形位图，py 为字形顶部（已从基线转换）
static void blit_glyph(SSINT32 px, SSINT32 py, SUINT32 w, SUINT32 h,
const SUINT8* coverage, SUINT32 N,
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color)
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ static void blit_glyph(SSINT32 px, SSINT32 py, SUINT32 w, SUINT32 h,
}
}
// Render a single codepoint at (x, y) = baseline. Returns advance (26.6).
// 在基线 (x, y) 处渲染单个码点，返回进宽（26.6 定点数）
static f26_6 render_codepoint(ttf_face_t* face, SSINT32 cp,
SSINT32 x, SSINT32 y, SUINT32 pixel_size,
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color)
fonts/ttf/ttf_parse.cpp
+35 -35
View File
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
#include <memory/heap.h>
#include <serial.h>
// ---- Big-endian readers (TTF is big-endian) ----
// 大端读取器（TTF 为大端格式）
static inline SUINT16 rd16(const SUINT8* p) {
return ((SUINT16)p[0] << 8) | p[1];
}
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static const SUINT8* find_table(ttf_face_t* face, const char tag[4]) {
return NULL;
}
// ---- UTF-8 ----
// UTF-8 解码
SSINT32 ttf_utf8_decode(const char** p) {
const SUINT8* s = (const SUINT8*)*p;
SUINT8 b0 = s[0];
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ SSINT32 ttf_utf8_decode(const char** p) {
return -1;
}
// ---- cmap ----
// cmap 子表查找
static const SUINT8* find_cmap_subtable(ttf_face_t* face) {
const SUINT8* cmap = face->cmap;
SUINT16 num = rd16(cmap + 2);
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static SUINT16 cmap4_lookup(const SUINT8* sub, SSINT32 cp) {
}
static SUINT16 cmap12_lookup(const SUINT8* sub, SSINT32 cp) {
// Format 12 header: format(2) reserved(2) length(4) language(4) nGroups(4)
// Format 12 头：format(2) reserved(2) length(4) language(4) nGroups(4)
SUINT32 nGroups = rd32(sub + 12);
const SUINT8* g = sub + 16;
for (SUINT32 i = 0; i < nGroups; i++) {
@@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ SUINT16 ttf_cmap_lookup(ttf_face_t* face, SSINT32 cp) {
return 0;
}
// ---- Glyf decode ----
// glyf 解码
bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
SUINT32 pixel_size_px, ttf_outline_t* out)
{
mem_set(out, 0, sizeof(*out));
if (glyph_id >= face->num_glyphs) return false;
// Loca
// Loca 索引
SUINT32 off0, off1;
if (face->index_to_loc_format == 0) {
off0 = ((SUINT32)rd16(face->loca + glyph_id * 2)) * 2;
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
}
if (off0 >= face->glyf_len) return false;
// Advance width (always readable from hmtx regardless of glyf presence)
// 进宽（始终从 hmtx 读取，无论 glyf 是否存在）
{
SUINT16 aw;
if (glyph_id < face->num_long_hor_metrics) {
@@ -138,21 +138,21 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
}
if (off0 == off1) {
// Empty glyph (e.g. space)
// 空白字形（如空格）
return true;
}
const SUINT8* g = face->glyf + off0;
SSINT16 numContours = rd16s(g + 0);
if (numContours < 0) {
// Composite glyph — parse component records and merge outlines
// 复合字形 — 解析组件记录并合并轮廓
const SUINT8* cp = g + 10;
SSINT32 all_xmin = 0x7FFFFFFF, all_ymin = 0x7FFFFFFF;
SSINT32 all_xmax = -0x7FFFFFFF, all_ymax = -0x7FFFFFFF;
// Composite glyph flags (OpenType spec):
// 0x0001 = ARG_1_AND_2_ARE_WORDS (16-bit args; else 8-bit)
// 0x0002 = ARGS_ARE_XY_VALUES (offsets; else point indices)
// 复合字形标志（OpenType 规范）：
// 0x0001 = ARG_1_AND_2_ARE_WORDS（16 位参数；否则 8 位）
// 0x0002 = ARGS_ARE_XY_VALUES（偏移量；否则点索引）
// 0x0008 = WE_HAVE_A_SCALE
// 0x0040 = WE_HAVE_A_2x2
// 0x0080 = WE_HAVE_AN_X_AND_Y_SCALE
@@ -162,41 +162,41 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
SUINT16 comp_flags = rd16(cp); cp += 2;
SUINT16 comp_glyph = rd16(cp); cp += 2;
// Read arguments (size depends on ARG_1_AND_2_ARE_WORDS)
// 读取参数（大小取决于 ARG_1_AND_2_ARE_WORDS）
SSINT32 arg1, arg2;
if (comp_flags & 0x0001) {
// 16-bit signed words
// 16 位有符号字
arg1 = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
arg2 = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
} else {
// 8-bit signed bytes
// 8 位有符号字节
arg1 = (SSINT8)cp[0];
arg2 = (SSINT8)cp[1];
cp += 2;
}
// Read transform scale if present
// 如果存在则读取缩放比例
f26_6 scale = F26_ONE;
if (comp_flags & 0x0008) {
// WE_HAVE_A_SCALE: 16.16 fixed-point
// WE_HAVE_A_SCALE：16.16 定点数
SSINT16 s16 = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
scale = (f26_6)s16; // already in f26.6 from 16.16
}
// Read x/y scale if present
// 如果存在则读取 x/y 缩放
f26_6 scaleX = F26_ONE, scaleY = F26_ONE;
if (comp_flags & 0x0080) {
// WE_HAVE_AN_X_AND_Y_SCALE: two 16.16 values
// WE_HAVE_AN_X_AND_Y_SCALE：两个 16.16 值
SSINT16 sx16 = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
SSINT16 sy16 = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
scaleX = (f26_6)sx16;
scaleY = (f26_6)sy16;
}
// Read 2x2 matrix if present
// 如果存在则读取 2x2 矩阵
f26_6 m00 = F26_ONE, m01 = 0, m10 = 0, m11 = F26_ONE;
if (comp_flags & 0x0040) {
// WE_HAVE_A_2x2: four 2.14 values
// WE_HAVE_A_2x2：四个 2.14 值
SSINT16 a = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
SSINT16 b = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
SSINT16 c = rd16s(cp); cp += 2;
@@ -207,36 +207,36 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
m11 = (f26_6)(d >> 8);
}
// Load component glyph
// 加载组件字形
ttf_outline_t comp;
if (!ttf_load_glyph(face, comp_glyph, pixel_size_px, &comp))
return false;
// Determine if args are offsets (XY values) or point indices
// 判断参数是偏移量（XY 值）还是点索引
SSINT32 offset_x = 0, offset_y = 0;
if (comp_flags & 0x0002) {
// ARGS_ARE_XY_VALUES: args are pixel offsets (already scaled)
// Scale from font units to pixel space like simple glyphs
// ARGS_ARE_XY_VALUES：参数是像素偏移量（已缩放）
// 从字体单位缩放到像素空间
offset_x = (SSINT32)(((SSINT64)arg1 * (SSINT64)pixel_size_px * 64 / face->units_per_em));
offset_y = (SSINT32)(((SSINT64)arg2 * (SSINT64)pixel_size_px * 64 / face->units_per_em));
}
// Transform and merge component points
// 变换并合并组件点
for (SUINT16 i = 0; i < comp.num_points; i++) {
f26_6 fx = comp.x[i];
f26_6 fy = comp.y[i];
f26_6 tx, ty;
if (comp_flags & 0x0040) {
// 2x2 matrix transform
// 2x2 矩阵变换
tx = f26_mul(m00, fx) + f26_mul(m01, fy);
ty = f26_mul(m10, fx) + f26_mul(m11, fy);
} else if (comp_flags & 0x0008) {
// Uniform scale
// 均匀缩放
tx = f26_mul(scale, fx);
ty = f26_mul(scale, fy);
} else if (comp_flags & 0x0080) {
// X/Y scale
// x/y 独立缩放
tx = f26_mul(scaleX, fx);
ty = f26_mul(scaleY, fy);
} else {
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
SUINT16 instrLen = rd16(p); p += 2;
p += instrLen;
// Decode flags (with REPEAT)
// 解码标志（含 REPEAT）
SUINT8 flags[1024];
SUINT16 pi = 0;
while (pi < numPoints) {
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
}
}
// Decode x-coords into x_raw[]
// 解码 x 坐标到 x_raw[]
SSINT32 x_raw[1024];
{
SSINT32 x = 0;
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
x_raw[i] = x;
}
}
// Decode y-coords into y_raw[]
// 解码 y 坐标到 y_raw[]
SSINT32 y_raw[1024];
{
SSINT32 y = 0;
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
}
}
// Scale to pixel space (f26_6)
// 缩放到像素空间（f26_6）
SUINT64 scale_num = (SUINT64)pixel_size_px * 64;
for (SUINT16 i = 0; i < numPoints; i++) {
out->x[i] = (f26_6)(((SSINT64)x_raw[i] * (SSINT64)scale_num) / face->units_per_em);
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ bool ttf_load_glyph(ttf_face_t* face, SUINT16 glyph_id,
return true;
}
// ---- Open / close ----
// 打开 / 关闭
ttf_face_t* ttf_open(const void* data, UINTN size) {
if (!data || size < 12) return NULL;
const SUINT8* d = (const SUINT8*)data;
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ void ttf_close(ttf_face_t* face) {
if (face) kfree(face);
}
// ---- Metrics (scaled to pixel_size, returned as 26.6 fp) ----
// 度量值（缩放到 pixel_size，返回 26.6 定点数）
SSINT32 ttf_ascender (ttf_face_t* face, SUINT32 px) {
return (SSINT32)(((SSINT64)face->os2_ascender * (SSINT64)px * 64) / face->units_per_em);
}
fonts/ttf/ttf_render.cpp
+12 -13
View File
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
#include "ttf_internal.h"
#include <string_utils.h>
// ---- Outline -> segments ----
// 轮廓 → 线段转换
//
// TrueType contour walk: for each pair of consecutive points, emit either
// a line or a quadratic bezier. Two consecutive off-curve points trigger
// synthesis of an on-curve midpoint.
// TrueType 轮廓遍历：对每对连续点，发射直线或二次贝塞尔曲线。
// 两个连续的非曲线点会触发合成一个曲线中点。
//
// All coordinates remain in 26.6 fp throughout.
// 所有坐标全程使用 26.6 定点数。
void ttf_outline_to_segments(const ttf_outline_t* outline,
ttf_seg_t* segs, SUINT32* num_segs)
{
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ void ttf_outline_to_segments(const ttf_outline_t* outline,
}
}
// ---- Integer sqrt (Newton) ----
// 整数平方根（牛顿法）
static SUINT32 isqrt_u64(SUINT64 n) {
if (n == 0) return 0;
SUINT32 x = (n > 0xFFFFFFFFu) ? 0xFFFFu : (SUINT32)n;
@@ -101,19 +100,19 @@ static SUINT32 isqrt_u64(SUINT64 n) {
return x;
}
// ---- Scanline fill with subpixel supersampling ----
// 扫描线填充 + 子像素超采样
//
// For each output row, run N sub-scanlines at offsets (k+0.5)/N. For each
// sub-scanline y, collect all x-intersections, sort, fill alternating
// x-pairs. Sum over N subsamples yields per-pixel coverage in [0, N].
// 对每个输出行，运行 N 条子扫描线，偏移为 (k+0.5)/N。
// 对每条子扫描线 y，收集所有 x 交点，排序后交替填充 x 对。
// 对 N 个子采样求和得到每个像素的覆盖率 [0, N]。
void ttf_rasterize(const ttf_seg_t* segs, SUINT32 num_segs,
SSINT32 x0, SSINT32 y0, SUINT32 w, SUINT32 h,
SUINT8* coverage, SUINT32 N)
{
// Clear coverage
// 清空覆盖率缓冲区
for (SUINT32 i = 0; i < w * h; i++) coverage[i] = 0;
// Intersection x-buf (per scanline, max possible = num_segs)
// 交点 x 缓冲区（每扫描线，最大可能数 = num_segs）
f26_6 xs[2048];
if (num_segs > 2048) num_segs = 2048;
@@ -222,6 +221,6 @@ void ttf_rasterize(const ttf_seg_t* segs, SUINT32 num_segs,
}
}
}
// (Alpha conversion happens at the caller via N.)
// 覆盖率转换在调用端通过 N 完成
(void)x0; (void)y0;
}
graphics/context.cpp
+1 -4
View File
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
// GFX 存在的意义是什么？
// 每一次想要draw pixel，都需要传入GOP的各种参数，
// 加入 GFX 后，GOP 的context就是全局的，可以直接用
// 而不用显示传递参数到draw的函数里
// GFX 全局图形上下文，避免每次绘制都传递 GOP 参数
#include <graphics/context.h>
include/fonts/hankaku.h
+1 -1
View File
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
#pragma once
#include <common.h>
// Hankaku 字体，不动
// Hankaku 8x16 点阵字体数据
static SUINT8 hankaku_pixels[256][16] = {
{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
{0x10, 0x10, 0x38, 0x38, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x38, 0x38, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00},
include/fonts/pixel_font.h
+4 -2
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@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
#include <graphics/context.h>
#include <string_utils.h>
// 打印单个字符
void pf_print_char(char c, SUINT32 basex, SUINT32 basey,
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color = {255, 255, 255, 255}); // Pixel Font 打印字符
void pf_print(String text, SUINT32 basex, SUINT32 basey, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color = {255, 255, 255, 255}); // Pixel Font 打印string
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color = {255, 255, 255, 255});
// 打印字符串
void pf_print(String text, SUINT32 basex, SUINT32 basey, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL color = {255, 255, 255, 255});
include/graphics/context.h
-2
View File
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
#pragma once
// 这个文件存在的目的是让graphics的draw功能不用每次传 GOP hr vr base
#include <efi.h>
#include <common.h>
include/serial.h
+12 -6
View File
@@ -4,14 +4,20 @@
#include <efiser.h>
#include <string_utils.h>
struct serial_context { // 串行内容结构体
// 串行通信上下文
struct serial_context {
EFI_SERIAL_IO_PROTOCOL *SerialIo;
};
extern serial_context g_serial;
void serial_init(EFI_SERIAL_IO_PROTOCOL *SerialIo); // 初始化串行驱动
void serial_write(String str); // 往串行写string
void serial_write_char(char c); // 往串行写char（不推荐使用）
void serial_write_hex(UINTN val); // 往串行写十六进制数字
char serial_read_char(); // 读串行
// 初始化串行驱动
void serial_init(EFI_SERIAL_IO_PROTOCOL *SerialIo);
// 写字符串到串行
void serial_write(String str);
// 写单个字符到串行（不推荐直接使用）
void serial_write_char(char c);
// 写十六进制数字到串行
void serial_write_hex(UINTN val);
// 从串行读取一个字符
char serial_read_char();
kernel/entry.cpp
+2 -1
View File
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main();
extern "C" void _start(EFI_HANDLE ImageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable) {
(void)ImageHandle;
ST = SystemTable;
ASM("cli"); // disable interrupts until IDT is ready
// 在 IDT 就绪前禁用中断
ASM("cli");
kernel_main();
while (1) ASM ("hlt");
}
kernel/graphics/layer.cpp
+16 -21
View File
@@ -9,36 +9,35 @@
#include <pic.h>
#include <string_utils.h>
// --- Layer list (sorted by z, lowest first) ---
// 图层列表（按 z 排序，最低在前）
static layer_t g_layers[LAYER_MAX];
static UINT32 g_layer_count = 0;
static layer_t* g_layer_list = NULL;
// Compositor back buffer
// 合成器后台缓冲区
static EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL* g_back_buffer = NULL;
// Focus tracking
// 焦点追踪
static layer_t* g_focused = NULL;
// Shift+F10 state (set by IRQ handler, consumed by compositor)
// Shift+F10 状态（由 IRQ 处理函数设置，合成器消费）
static volatile bool g_shift_held = false;
static volatile bool g_switch_pending = false;
static volatile layer_t* g_switch_target = NULL;
// PS/2 scan code set 1
// PS/2 扫描码集 1
#define PS2_F10 0x44
#define PS2_LSHIFT 0x2A
#define PS2_RSHIFT 0x36
#define PS2_BREAK_BIT 0x80
// Forward declare
// 前向声明
static void layer_insert_sorted(layer_t* layer);
static void layer_remove(layer_t* layer);
static layer_t* find_next_window(layer_t* from);
// --- PS/2 keyboard IRQ handler ---
// PS/2 键盘 IRQ 处理
static void ps2_irq_handler(trap_frame* frame) {
(void)frame;
pic_send_eoi(1);
@@ -63,8 +62,7 @@ static void ps2_irq_handler(trap_frame* frame) {
}
}
// --- Layer management ---
// 图层管理
layer_t* layer_create(const char* name, layer_type_t type, UINT32 w, UINT32 h) {
if (g_layer_count >= LAYER_MAX) {
serial_write("LAYER: limit reached\n");
@@ -162,8 +160,7 @@ void layer_set_visible(layer_t* layer, bool visible) {
layer->visible = visible;
}
// --- Sorted insert/remove ---
// 有序插入/移除
static void layer_insert_sorted(layer_t* layer) {
layer->next = NULL;
@@ -216,8 +213,7 @@ static layer_t* find_next_window(layer_t* from) {
return NULL;
}
// --- Initialization ---
// 初始化
void layer_init(void) {
UINT32 hr = g_gfx.hr;
UINT32 vr = g_gfx.vr;
@@ -235,7 +231,7 @@ void layer_init(void) {
p++;
}
// Register keyboard IRQ and unmask
// 注册键盘 IRQ 并取消屏蔽
idt_set_handler(PIC_IRQ_BASE + 1, ps2_irq_handler);
pic_unmask_irq(1);
@@ -244,8 +240,7 @@ void layer_init(void) {
serial_write(" bytes)\n");
}
// --- Compositor task ---
// 合成器任务
void layer_compositor_task(void) {
serial_write("LAYER: compositor task running\n");
@@ -253,7 +248,7 @@ void layer_compositor_task(void) {
UINT32 vr = g_gfx.vr;
while (1) {
// Process deferred Shift+F10 switch (safe: not inside IRQ)
// 处理延迟的 Shift+F10 窗口切换
if (g_switch_pending) {
g_switch_pending = false;
layer_t* target = (layer_t*)g_switch_target;
@@ -266,13 +261,13 @@ void layer_compositor_task(void) {
}
}
// Clear back buffer
// 清除后台缓冲区
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL black = {0, 0, 0, 0};
draw_set_target(g_back_buffer, hr, vr);
draw_rect(0, 0, hr, vr, black);
draw_set_default_target();
// Composite layers from lowest z to highest
// 按 z 从低到高合成图层
layer_t* cur = g_layer_list;
while (cur) {
if (cur->visible && cur->buffer) {
@@ -302,7 +297,7 @@ void layer_compositor_task(void) {
cur = cur->next;
}
// Blit to screen
// Blit 到屏幕
uefi_call_wrapper(g_gfx.GOP->Blt, 10,
g_gfx.GOP,
g_back_buffer,
kernel/interrupt/idt.cpp
+8 -8
View File
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
#include <pic.h>
#include <serial.h>
// Defined in isr.S — 256 ISR stubs
// isr.S 中定义的 256 个 ISR 桩函数
extern "C" void* isr_stub_table[256];
static idt_entry g_idt[256];
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ void idt_set_handler(UINT8 vector, isr_handler_t handler) {
g_handlers[vector] = handler;
}
// Called from isr.S common handler
// 由 isr.S 通用处理函数调用
extern "C" void isr_dispatch(trap_frame* frame) {
UINT8 vector = (UINT8)frame->vector;
@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ extern "C" void isr_dispatch(trap_frame* frame) {
}
}
// IDT helpers (defined in idt_helpers.S)
// IDT 辅助函数（定义在 idt_helpers.S）
extern "C" void idt_load(UINT64 base, UINT16 limit);
static void idt_set_entry(UINT8 vector, UINT64 handler_addr) {
g_idt[vector].offset_low = handler_addr & 0xFFFF;
g_idt[vector].selector = 0x08; // kernel code segment
g_idt[vector].selector = 0x08; // 内核代码段
g_idt[vector].ist = 0;
g_idt[vector].type_attr = 0x8E; // present, DPL=0, 64-bit interrupt gate
g_idt[vector].type_attr = 0x8E; // 存在，DPL=0，64 位中断门
g_idt[vector].offset_mid = (handler_addr >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
g_idt[vector].offset_high = (handler_addr >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
g_idt[vector].reserved = 0;
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ static void idt_set_entry(UINT8 vector, UINT64 handler_addr) {
void idt_init(void) {
serial_write("IDT: initializing 256 entries\n");
// Clear IDT
// 清空 IDT
for (SSINT32 i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
g_idt[i] = {0};
g_handlers[i] = NULL;
}
// Install all 256 ISR stubs
// 安装所有 256 个 ISR 桩函数
for (SSINT32 i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
idt_set_entry(i, (UINT64)isr_stub_table[i]);
}
// Load IDT
// 加载 IDT
g_idt_ptr.limit = sizeof(g_idt) - 1;
g_idt_ptr.base = (UINT64)&g_idt[0];
idt_load(g_idt_ptr.base, g_idt_ptr.limit);
kernel/interrupt/pic.cpp
+11 -11
View File
@@ -13,37 +13,37 @@ static inline UINT8 inb(UINT16 port) {
return ret;
}
// 慢速 PIC 的小延迟
static void pic_wait(void) {
// Small delay for slow PICs
ASM("jmp 1f\n\t1: jmp 1f\n\t1:");
}
void pic_init(void) {
serial_write("PIC: remapping 8259 PIC\n");
// Save masks
// 保存掩码
UINT8 mask1 = inb(PIC1_DATA);
UINT8 mask2 = inb(PIC2_DATA);
// ICW1: begin initialization, ICW4 needed
// ICW1：开始初始化，需要 ICW4
outb(PIC1_CMD, 0x11); pic_wait();
outb(PIC2_CMD, 0x11); pic_wait();
// ICW2: vector offset
outb(PIC1_DATA, PIC_IRQ_BASE); // IRQ 0-7 → vector 0x20-0x27
// ICW2：向量偏移
outb(PIC1_DATA, PIC_IRQ_BASE); // IRQ 0-7 → 向量 0x20-0x27
pic_wait();
outb(PIC2_DATA, PIC_IRQ_BASE + 8); // IRQ 8-15 → vector 0x28-0x2F
outb(PIC2_DATA, PIC_IRQ_BASE + 8); // IRQ 8-15 → 向量 0x28-0x2F
pic_wait();
// ICW3: cascading
outb(PIC1_DATA, 0x04); pic_wait(); // slave on IRQ 2
outb(PIC2_DATA, 0x02); pic_wait(); // cascade identity
// ICW3：级联
outb(PIC1_DATA, 0x04); pic_wait(); // 从片在 IRQ 2
outb(PIC2_DATA, 0x02); pic_wait(); // 级联标识
// ICW4: 8086 mode
// ICW4：8086 模式
outb(PIC1_DATA, 0x01); pic_wait();
outb(PIC2_DATA, 0x01); pic_wait();
// Restore masks
// 恢复掩码
outb(PIC1_DATA, mask1);
outb(PIC2_DATA, mask2);
kernel/interrupt/pit.cpp
+3 -3
View File
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ void pit_init(void) {
UINT32 divisor = PIT_BASE_FREQ / PIT_TICK_HZ;
// Command byte: channel 0, lobyte/hibyte, rate generator, binary
// 命令字节：通道 0，低/高字节，速率生成器，二进制
outb(PIT_COMMAND_PORT, 0x36);
// Send divisor (low byte first, then high byte)
// 发送除数（先低字节后高字节）
outb(PIT_CHANNEL0_DATA, (UINT8)(divisor & 0xFF));
outb(PIT_CHANNEL0_DATA, (UINT8)((divisor >> 8) & 0xFF));
// Unmask IRQ 0 (timer)
// 取消屏蔽 IRQ 0（定时器）
pic_unmask_irq(0);
serial_write("PIT: divisor = ");
kernel/main.cpp
+17 -18
View File
@@ -50,16 +50,15 @@ inline void init_serial() {
}
}
// External: PIT IRQ handler defined in pit.cpp
// 外部 PIT 中断处理函数，定义在 pit.cpp
extern "C" void pit_irq_handler(void);
// PIC IRQ handler — dispatches IRQ 0 (timer)
// PIC 中断处理 — 分发 IRQ 0（定时器）
static void irq_handler(trap_frame* frame) {
UINT8 vector = (UINT8)frame->vector;
UINT8 irq = vector - PIC_IRQ_BASE;
// Send EOI BEFORE handling, so PIC can deliver new interrupts
// immediately after a context switch inside the handler.
// 先发送 EOI 再处理，这样上下文切换后 PIC 可以立即投递新中断
pic_send_eoi(irq);
switch (irq) {
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
uefi_call_wrapper(ST->ConOut->ClearScreen, 1, ST->ConOut);
serial_write("\n\n");
// init memory managers
// 初始化内存管理器
serial_write("Sylva: init PMM...\n");
EFI_STATUS st = pmm_init();
if (EFI_ERROR(st)) {
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
serial_write("Sylva: init heap...\n");
init_heap();
// test kmalloc/kfree
// 测试 kmalloc/kfree
serial_write("Sylva: kmalloc test...\n");
void* p1 = kmalloc(64);
void* p2 = kmalloc(128);
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
// pf_print("Welcome to Sylva OS!\n");
serial_write(" Kernel prepared well.\n");
// --- Interrupt infrastructure ---
// 初始化中断基础设施
serial_write("Sylva: init GDT...\n");
gdt_init();
@@ -144,24 +143,24 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
serial_write("Sylva: init PIC...\n");
pic_init();
// Register IRQ handler (vector 0x20 = PIC_IRQ_BASE + 0)
// 注册 IRQ 处理函数（向量 0x20 = PIC_IRQ_BASE + 0）
idt_set_handler(PIC_IRQ_BASE + 0, irq_handler);
serial_write("Sylva: init PIT...\n");
pit_init();
pit_set_tick_handler(scheduler_tick);
// Enable interrupts
// 启用中断
ASM("sti");
serial_write("Sylva: interrupts enabled\n");
// --- Multitasking demo ---
// 创建多任务演示
serial_write("Sylva: creating tasks...\n");
// Init compositor (allocates back buffer, registers keyboard handler)
// 初始化合成器（分配后台缓冲区，注册键盘处理）
layer_init();
// Create desktop layer (full screen, z=0)
// 创建桌面图层（全屏，z=0）
layer_t* desktop = layer_create("desktop", LAYER_TYPE_DESKTOP, g_gfx.hr, g_gfx.vr);
if (desktop) {
layer_set_z(desktop, 0);
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
layer_set_pos(desktop, 0, 0);
}
// Create window 1 (centered)
// 创建窗口 1（居中）
layer_t* win1 = layer_create("window_1", LAYER_TYPE_WINDOW, 300, 200);
if (win1) {
layer_set_pos(win1, (SSINT32)(g_gfx.hr / 2) - 150, (SSINT32)(g_gfx.vr / 2) - 100);
@@ -183,7 +182,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
draw_set_default_target();
}
// Create window 2 (offset from center)
// 创建窗口 2（偏离中心）
layer_t* win2 = layer_create("window_2", LAYER_TYPE_WINDOW, 250, 180);
if (win2) {
layer_set_pos(win2, (SSINT32)(g_gfx.hr / 2) - 50, (SSINT32)(g_gfx.vr / 2) - 40);
@@ -194,7 +193,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
draw_set_default_target();
}
// Compositor task (replaces the old demo tasks)
// 合成器任务
task_create("compositor", layer_compositor_task);
serial_write("Sylva: disk read benchmark...\n");
@@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
serial_write_hex(kbps);
serial_write(" KiB/s)\n");
// --- TTF demo ---
// TTF 渲染演示
serial_write("Sylva: ttf_open...\n");
ttf_face_t* face = ttf_open(ttf_buf, ttf_size);
if (!face) {
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
} else {
serial_write("Sylva: ttf_open OK\n");
// Create an overlay layer for TTF output (sits above the two demo windows)
// 创建 TTF 文本覆盖图层
const UINT32 TL_W = 500, TL_H = 200;
layer_t* text_layer = layer_create("ttf_text", LAYER_TYPE_WINDOW, TL_W, TL_H);
if (text_layer) {
@@ -238,7 +237,7 @@ extern "C" void kernel_main() {
draw_set_target(text_layer->buffer, TL_W, TL_H);
draw_rect(0, 0, TL_W - 1, TL_H - 1, clear);
// Render at 4 sizes + mixed CJK
// 渲染多种字号和中日韩字符
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL white = {255, 255, 255, 0};
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL yellow = {255, 240, 80, 0};
EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL cyan = {80, 220, 255, 0};
kernel/memory/heap.cpp
+14 -14
View File
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static void heap_expand(UINTN min_size) {
new_block->size = pages * PAGE_SIZE;
new_block->next = NULL;
// Add to free list (sorted by address for coalescing)
// 添加到空闲链表（按地址排序以便合并）
struct heap_block** prev = &g_heap_free_list;
while (*prev && (UINT8*)*prev < (UINT8*)new_block) {
prev = &(*prev)->next;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static void heap_expand(UINTN min_size) {
new_block->next = *prev;
*prev = new_block;
// Try to merge with the previous free block if adjacent
// 尝试与前一个空闲块合并（如果相邻）
if (prev != &g_heap_free_list) {
struct heap_block* prev_block = g_heap_free_list;
while (prev_block->next != new_block) {
@@ -104,21 +104,21 @@ void* kmalloc(UINTN size) {
while (*prev) {
UINTN block_sz = BLOCK_SIZE(*prev);
if (block_sz >= alloc_size) {
// Found a suitable block
// 找到合适的块
struct heap_block* block = *prev;
// Split if remaining space is useful
// 如果剩余空间足够则分割
if (block_sz >= alloc_size + MIN_BLOCK_SIZE) {
struct heap_block* split = (struct heap_block*)((UINT8*)block + alloc_size);
split->size = block_sz - alloc_size;
// Insert split into free list
// 将分割后的块插入空闲链表
split->next = block->next;
block->size = alloc_size | 1;
*prev = split;
} else {
// Use the whole block
// 使用整个块
*prev = block->next;
block->size = block_sz | 1; // mark used
block->size = block_sz | 1; // 标记为已使用
}
if (size > 1024) {
@@ -134,11 +134,11 @@ void* kmalloc(UINTN size) {
prev = &(*prev)->next;
}
// Out of memory in current heap — expand
// 当前堆空间不足，扩展堆
UINTN expand_size = alloc_size > PAGE_SIZE ? alloc_size : PAGE_SIZE;
heap_expand(expand_size);
// Retry after expansion
// 扩展后重试
return kmalloc(size);
}
@@ -151,14 +151,14 @@ void kfree(void* ptr) {
return;
}
// Mark as free
// 标记为空闲
block->size &= ~(UINTN)1;
// Merge with next block if it's free
// 与下一个空闲块合并
struct heap_block* next = next_block(block);
if ((UINT8*)next < (UINT8*)g_heap_end) {
if (IS_FREE(next)) {
// Remove next from free list and merge
// 从空闲链表中移除 next 并合并
block->size += next->size;
struct heap_block** prev = &g_heap_free_list;
while (*prev && *prev != next) {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void kfree(void* ptr) {
}
}
// Insert block into free list
// 将块插入空闲链表
struct heap_block** prev = &g_heap_free_list;
while (*prev && (UINT8*)*prev < (UINT8*)block) {
prev = &(*prev)->next;
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ void* krealloc(void* ptr, UINTN new_size) {
UINTN old_size = BLOCK_SIZE(block) - HEADER_SIZE;
if (old_size >= new_size) {
// Can we split the shrinkage?
// 能否分割缩小的部分？
UINTN shrink = old_size - new_size;
if (shrink >= MIN_BLOCK_SIZE) {
block->size = (new_size + HEADER_SIZE) | 1;
kernel/memory/pmm.cpp
+11 -11
View File
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ static inline BOOLEAN bitmap_test(UINTN idx) {
return (g_pmm.bitmap[idx / 8] >> (idx % 8)) & 1;
}
// Clean stale entries from free list head
// 清理空闲链表头部的过期条目
static void clean_free_list() {
while (g_pmm.free_list_head != NULL &&
bitmap_test((UINTN)g_pmm.free_list_head / PAGE_SIZE)) {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ EFI_STATUS pmm_init() {
UINTN entry_count = map_size / desc_size;
// First pass: count total pages and find max physical address
// 第一遍：统计总页数并找到最大物理地址
UINT64 max_addr = 0;
UINT64 total_free = 0;
for (UINTN i = 0; i < entry_count; i++) {
@@ -73,16 +73,16 @@ EFI_STATUS pmm_init() {
g_pmm.base_addr = 0;
g_pmm.max_addr = max_addr;
// How many pages does the bitmap cover?
// 位图覆盖的页数
UINTN total_pages = (UINTN)(max_addr / PAGE_SIZE);
g_pmm.total_pages = total_pages;
// Bitmap size in bytes, rounded up to page boundary
// 位图大小（字节），向上取整到页边界
g_pmm.bitmap_size = ((total_pages + 7) / 8);
UINTN bitmap_pages = (g_pmm.bitmap_size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) / PAGE_SIZE;
g_pmm.bitmap_size = bitmap_pages * PAGE_SIZE; // round to full pages
// Place bitmap at the end of the highest free conventional memory region
// 将位图放在最高空闲常规内存区域的末尾
UINT64 bitmap_addr = 0;
for (UINTN i = 0; i < entry_count; i++) {
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR* desc = (EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR*)((UINT8*)mem_map + i * desc_size);
@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ EFI_STATUS pmm_init() {
g_pmm.bitmap = (UINT8*)(UINTN)bitmap_addr;
// Init bitmap: mark ALL pages as used (0xFF)
// 初始化位图：将所有页标记为已使用
for (UINTN i = 0; i < g_pmm.bitmap_size; i++) {
g_pmm.bitmap[i] = 0xFF;
}
// Mark free pages (EfiConventionalMemory) as free in bitmap
// 将空闲页（EfiConventionalMemory）在位图中标记为空闲
g_pmm.free_pages = 0;
UINT64 bm_start_page = bitmap_addr / PAGE_SIZE;
UINT64 bm_end_page = (bitmap_addr + g_pmm.bitmap_size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) / PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -123,19 +123,19 @@ EFI_STATUS pmm_init() {
UINT64 end_page = start_page + desc->NumberOfPages;
for (UINT64 p = start_page; p < end_page; p++) {
// Skip bitmap pages
// 跳过位图占用的页
if (p >= bm_start_page && p < bm_end_page) continue;
bitmap_clear((UINTN)p);
g_pmm.free_pages++;
}
}
// Mark bitmap pages as used
// 将位图占用的页标记为已使用
for (UINT64 p = bm_start_page; p < bm_end_page; p++) {
bitmap_set((UINTN)p);
}
// Reserve low memory (first 4 MB) — UEFI firmware may use it during BS calls
// 保留低内存（前 4MB）— 固件可能在 Boot Services 调用期间使用
UINT64 low_reserve_pages = 0x400;
for (UINT64 p = 0; p < low_reserve_pages && p < g_pmm.total_pages; p++) {
if (!bitmap_test((UINTN)p)) {
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ EFI_STATUS pmm_init() {
}
}
// Build free list by linking free pages
// 通过链接空闲页构建空闲链表
g_pmm.free_list_head = NULL;
void* prev = NULL;
for (UINTN i = 0; i < entry_count; i++) {
kernel/scheduler/scheduler.cpp
+25 -28
View File
@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@
#include <common.h>
#include <serial.h>
// Assembly: context_switch(UINT64* old_rsp, UINT64 new_rsp)
// 汇编函数：context_switch(UINT64* old_rsp, UINT64 new_rsp)
extern "C" void context_switch(UINT64* old_rsp, UINT64 new_rsp);
static task_t g_tasks[TASK_MAX];
static UINT32 g_task_count = 0;
static task_t* g_current = NULL;
static task_t* g_task_list = NULL; // circular linked list head
static task_t* g_task_list = NULL; // 循环链表头
// Trampoline: first thing a new task runs after context_switch.
// 跳板函数：新任务在 context_switch 后首先执行的函数
static void (*g_task_entries[TASK_MAX])(void);
extern "C" void task_entry_trampoline() {
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ task_t* task_create(const char* name, void (*entry)(void)) {
g_task_entries[id] = entry;
// Allocate kernel stack
// 分配内核栈
UINTN stack_pages = TASK_STACK_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE;
void* stack = pmm_alloc_pages(stack_pages);
if (!stack) {
@@ -52,24 +52,21 @@ task_t* task_create(const char* name, void (*entry)(void)) {
task->stack_base = stack;
task->time_slice = TIME_SLICE_DEFAULT;
// Copy name
// 复制任务名称
str_copy(task->name, name, TASK_NAME_LEN);
// Set up initial stack for first context_switch into this task.
// Stack grows downward. context_switch will pop 6 regs then ret.
// 设置首次 context_switch 时的初始栈
// 栈向下增长。context_switch 会弹出 6 个寄存器然后 ret。
//
// Layout (high addr -> low addr):
// [stack + TASK_STACK_SIZE] <- top
// return addr = task_entry_trampoline (ret goes here)
// 布局（高地址 → 低地址）：
// [stack + TASK_STACK_SIZE] <- 栈顶
// 返回地址 = task_entry_trampoline（ret 跳转到这里）
// rbx = 0
// rbp = 0
// r12 = 0
// r13 = 0
// r14 = 0
// r15 = 0 <- RSP points here initially
//
// When preempted by timer IRQ, the ISR stub saves a full trap_frame
// on the task's stack — that layout is only created by hardware+ISR.
// r15 = 0 <- RSP 初始指向这里
//
UINT64* sp = (UINT64*)((UINT8*)stack + TASK_STACK_SIZE);
@@ -84,7 +81,7 @@ task_t* task_create(const char* name, void (*entry)(void)) {
task->rsp = (UINT64)sp;
// Insert into circular linked list
// 插入循环链表
if (g_task_list == NULL) {
task->next = task;
g_task_list = task;
@@ -103,7 +100,7 @@ task_t* task_create(const char* name, void (*entry)(void)) {
return task;
}
// Find next READY task in the circular list, starting from g_current->next
// 在循环链表中查找下一个就绪任务
static task_t* find_next_ready(void) {
if (g_current == NULL || g_task_list == NULL) return NULL;
@@ -117,7 +114,7 @@ static task_t* find_next_ready(void) {
next = next->next;
} while (next != start);
return NULL; // no READY tasks
return NULL; // 没有就绪任务
}
void yield(void) {
@@ -137,27 +134,27 @@ void yield(void) {
context_switch(&cur->rsp, next->rsp);
}
// Timer tick handler — called from PIT IRQ 0
// 定时器 tick 处理 — 由 PIT IRQ 0 调用
void scheduler_tick(void) {
if (g_current == NULL) return;
// Decrement time slice
// 递减时间片
if (g_current->time_slice > 0) {
g_current->time_slice--;
}
// If time slice expired, preempt
// 时间片用完则抢占
if (g_current->time_slice == 0) {
task_t* cur = g_current;
task_t* next = find_next_ready();
if (next == NULL || next == cur) {
// No other task ready, or only this task — reload time slice
// 没有其他就绪任务，或仅此一个 — 重置时间片
cur->time_slice = TIME_SLICE_DEFAULT;
return;
}
// Preempt
// 抢占
cur->state = TASK_STATE_READY;
cur->time_slice = TIME_SLICE_DEFAULT;
next->state = TASK_STATE_RUNNING;
@@ -174,7 +171,7 @@ void scheduler_run(void) {
return;
}
// Find first READY task
// 查找第一个就绪任务
task_t* start = g_task_list->next;
task_t* t = start;
do {
@@ -197,12 +194,12 @@ void scheduler_run(void) {
serial_write(t->name);
serial_write("'\n");
// First context switch — switch to the task's stack
// This will never return (until all tasks terminate)
// 首次上下文切换 — 切换到任务栈
// 此后不会返回（直到所有任务终止）
UINT64 dummy_rsp;
context_switch(&dummy_rsp, t->rsp);
// We only return here when ALL tasks are terminated
// 只有所有任务终止后才会返回到这里
serial_write("SCHED: all tasks finished\n");
while (1) ASM ("hlt");
}
@@ -216,10 +213,10 @@ void task_exit(void) {
g_current->state = TASK_STATE_TERMINATED;
// Yield to next task — we won't come back
// 让出 CPU 给下一个任务 — 不会回来
yield();
// Should never reach here
// 不应到达此处
while (1) ASM ("hlt");
}
kernel/serial.cpp
-1
View File
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ void serial_write_hex(UINTN val) {
}
char serial_read_char() {
// 后面可能用的上，比如远程调试？
if (!g_serial.SerialIo) return 0;
char c = 0;
UINTN size = 1;